TZB-info is an Internet resource specialising in information on construction, energy savings, and the related fields collectively referred to as mechanical and electrical systems usually known as building services (in Czech abbreviated as TZB). Its primary focus lies within the construction of buildings and energy issues related thereto. Whether you're looking for heating, electricity, heat loss reduction or building efficiency, the portal offers up-to-date information on the developments in those fields every day. The information presented by TZB-info is carefully selected and edited, serving a diverse audience of professionals ranging from designers to installers but also the general public. TZB-info records 750,000 visits every month. read whole text
Heating7.10.2024 | Ing. Josef Hodboď, TZB-info, redakce Heating7.10.2024 | Ing. Miroslav Urban, Ph.D., ČVUT v Praze, Fakulta stavební, Katedra technických zařízení budov Heating30.9.2024 | Ing. Miroslav Urban, Ph.D., ČVUT v Praze, Fakulta stavební, Katedra technických zařízení budov Heating25.9.2024 | Ing. Václav Dědič, odborný konzultant, Ing. Josef Hodboď Ventilating and Air-Conditioning12.11.2024 | Ing. Pavla Skalická, Luftuj s.r.o., časopis VVI, 2/2024 | Vytápění větrání instalace, 2/2024Practical experience with the cleanability of parts of the forced ventilation system with heat recovery in family houses. The need for cleaning and design and assembly deficiencies that lead to difficult maintenance. Some policies to make service easier.
Water and Drainage20.11.2024 | Ing. Ilona Koubková, Ph.D., ČVUT v Praze, Fakulta stavební, katedra technických zařízení budov Water and Drainage17.11.2024 | Ing. Jakub Vrána, Ph.D., Ústav TZB, Fakulta stavební VUT v BrněThe article discusses the history of sanitation installation, i.e. water installation, drainage systems inside buildings and gas installation pipework for buildings from the earliest times to 1948 and is primarily focused on the history of this field in the territory of the former Czechoslovakia. It also deals with the history of the plumbing trade, contemporary legal regulations, technical standards and professional literature on the territory of the former Czechoslovakia.
Water and Drainage2.11.2024 | Ing. Petr Sýkora, Ph.D., Ing. Lenka Vavrušková, MUDr. František Kožíšek, CSc., Mgr. Petr Pumann, Ing. Jiří Mrkva, Ing. Eva RiederováAt the conference in Tábor, among other things, the issues of water treatment were addressed, including operational experience. The quality of water that passes through treatment plants must comply with the requirements of the relevant legislation, while hygienic limits are very strict in the Czech Republic. Among the limited elements of drinking water quality are indicators that define organoleptic properties. However, revealing the causes is not always easy due to the possible influence of several factors.
Renewable Energy25.7.2024 | prof. Ing. Vítězslav Benda, CSc., ČVUT v Praze, Fakulta elektrotechnická, Katedra elektrotechnologiePhotovoltaics is becoming the fastest growing segment of energy production in the world.
The article introduces the current state of photovoltaics in the world. It indicates the current installed capacity of photovoltaic systems (total cumulative and annually installed power) and the share of individual countries in the installed cumulative and annually installed power. It also deals with the share of photovoltaics in electricity production in selected countries and compares this share with the global average and the EU average. It also deals with changes in photovoltaic module technologies, change trends and prices of photovoltaic modules and provides information on the development of the annual production capacity of the largest manufacturers of photovoltaic modules.
Renewable Energy23.4.2024 | prof. Ing. Peter Tauš, PhD., MSc. Pavol Kaňuch, Ing. Petr Maule, MBAPV systems are gaining ground as a standard for family homes. Apartment buildings are lagging behind, but design optimization and community energy bring new possibilities.
Electrical Engineering2.4.2024 | Ing. Jiří Holoubek, prezident Elektrotechnická asociace České republikyIT systems in companies are often incompatible and their data communication is very complicated. A unified, integrated operating environment ensures real online communication not only of technological devices, but also technology for quality monitoring, systems for order planning, service and maintenance, as well as energy management.
Electrical Engineering25.1.2021 | Ing. Radim Šifta, Ph.D., NETWORK GROUP, s.r.o.The paper describes special types of fiber optic point sensors based on FBG (Fiber Bragg Grating) and FP (Fabry-Perót) structures. First part of the paper deals with principle of FBG and FP and their exposition. Next part is focused on different types of FBG and FP sensors and principle of interrogation units. Finally practical examples of use are listed.
Electrical Engineering20.1.2021 | Ing. Radim Šifta, Ph.D., NETWORK GROUP, s.r.o.The paper deals with special types of sensors that use optical fibers to measure various non-electrical quantities. The introduction describes the principle of light transmission in optical fibers and their applications. Main part is focused on fiber-optic sensors and their dividing. Special attention is paid to the distribution sensory systems and their practical application.
Elevators24.8.2015 | Ing. Bohuslav Kratěna, Unie výtahového průmyslu České republiky Elevators20.7.2015 | Vladimír Hulena, pověřený HK ČR k provádění audituCSN 27 4002 2014 Safety rules for lifts - Operation and service of lifts has introduced a new term by an authorized service company. It is the transparency of professional competence companies in servicing elevators, to owners / operators can better decide with whom an agreement that service because it has a major impact on their responsibility to ensure the safe operation of elevators. Therefore, for this situation was the subject of speculation, it was decided to examine service firms independent commissioners, contracted authorizing body, in this case, the Chamber of Commerce, which, when positive evaluation subsequently issue a certificate of authorization, and the company name may Authorized service company use.
Elevators28.7.2014 | Ing. Jan Dvořák, Ing. Bohuslav Kratěna, Vladimír HulenaUnion for Elevator Industry summarizes the most important news in the standards and audits, as presented at the seminar Elevators 2014. This includes controversy with a new concept of authorized service company that has been published on our portal in advance.
Elevators21.7.2014 | plk. Ing. Zdeněk Hošek, Ph.D., Ministerstvo vnitra - generální ředitelství Hasičského záchranného sboru ČRElevators belong to a very important building services and technologies. For these reasons, they need to pay attention not only in terms of proper technical implementation, but also in terms of fire safety. In particular, fire and evacuation lifts, which are also very important fire safety devices must also meet the stringent technical requirements of fire protection.
Energetics29.7.2024 | doc. Ing. Miroslav Škopán, CSc., VUT v Brně, asociace ARSMThe paper deals with the analysis of mineral construction and demolition waste management in the Czech Republic between 2007 and 2022. The analysis is based on data from the Czech Environmental Information Agency. It has been shown that the production of recycled mineral construction and demolition waste has quadrupled in this period and that the share of recycled mineral construction waste in the market of mineral materials for the construction industry is around 15%.
Energetics9.7.2024 | doc. Ing. Lubomír Lízal, Ph.D. Energetics26.4.2024 | doc. Ing. Mgr. Jana Soukopová, Ph.D., Ing. Dominika Tóthová, Ph.D. Energetics22.4.2024 | Ing. Radovan Illith, PhD., SPP – distribúcia, a.s.Evaluation of the conditions and prerequisites for deploying a cogeneration unit that will serve as a source of electrical and thermal energy for an agricultural cooperative that plans to operate a biomethane station.
Facility management12.11.2024 | Vladimír Baletka, jednatel společnosti eFACILITY consulting s.r.o. Facility management1.7.2024 | prof. Ing. Leonard Hobst, CSc., Ing. Monika Doležalová, Ing. Pavel Klika, Ph.D.The preserved detailed data on the consumption of fuel (coke) for heating and hot water preparation in functionalist apartment building from the 1930s led to the idea to compare the energy consumption of these buildings at the time of their construction with the present day and to observe how the modernization interventions in both the heating system and the actual construction of the building are manifested and to quantify these modernization interventions.
RECENT REVIEWED EDITORIAL RESEARCH PAPERS IN THE FIELD OF BUILDING SERVICES ENGINEERING
Heating | Ventilating and Air-Conditioning | Water and Drainage | Renewable Energy | Electrical Engineering | Energetics Shell Construction4.11.2024 | Tomáš Zbíral, doc. Ing. Václav Nežerka, Ph.D., Ing. Jan Trejbal, Ph.D., doc. Ing. Jan Valentin, Ph.D., doc. Ing. Stanislav Vítek, Ph.D., Ing. Matěj HužvárThe efficient classification of materials in construction debris is crucial for their sorting and further valuable utilization. Current methods, whether relying on force sorters or separators, are reaching their limitations. In many cases, construction and demolition waste materials end up being downcycled or even sent to landfills. Our contribution is divided into two parts. The first part presents facts relating to the production of construction and demolition waste in the EU and justifies the urgency of responsible waste management. It also recaps the development of indirect methods of classification and briefly describes types of suitable sensors for material observation and algorithms for data evaluation. The second part describes our classification solution, developed by the faculties of civil engineering and electrical engineering at CTU in Prague. This method is based on the evaluation of data obtained with ordinary RGB cameras.
Shell Construction28.10.2024 | Ing. Jan Trejbal, Ph.D., doc. Ing. Václav Nežerka, Ph.D., Tomáš Zbíral, doc. Ing. Jan Valentin, Ph.D.The efficient classification of materials in construction debris is crucial for their sorting and further valuable utilization. Current methods, whether relying on force sorters or separators, are reaching their limitations. In many cases, construction and demolition waste materials end up being downcycled or even sent to landfills. Our contribution is divided into two parts. The first part presents facts relating to the production of construction and demolition waste in the EU and justifies the urgency of responsible waste management. It also recaps the development of indirect methods of classification and briefly describes types of suitable sensors for material observation and algorithms for data evaluation. The second part describes our classification solution, developed by the faculties of civil engineering and electrical engineering at CTU in Prague. This method is based on the evaluation of data obtained with ordinary RGB cameras.
Shell Construction27.10.2024 | doc. Ing. Kristián Sógel, PhD., Ing. arch. Martin Kusý st., Ing. arch. Pavol Paňák, Ing. Ladislav Tausinger, Jozef Mečiar Insulation, Roofs, Facades16.10.2024 | doc. Ing. ad Ing. arch. Milan Palko, PhD., Ing. Adela Palková, PhD., Ing. Silvia KrižanováThe transparent roof and its position predestined it to the position of the primary element from the point of view of the potential of using solar radiation. Climate change brings an increase in outside temperature and the number of sunny days, which can lead to unwanted overheating of buildings. Preservation of optical properties and elimination of thermal gains can be solved by a dynamic glass system. Thermochromic glass systems have a high potential for transparent roof coverings and through gradual development can be an optimal solution for autonomous regulation and limitation of overheating in the summer.
Insulation, Roofs, Facades2.9.2024 | Ing. Miriam Ledererová, PhD., STU Stavebná fakulta BratislavaPlastic waste in the construction industry can consist of various plastics such as polyethylene, polypropylene, PVC, ABS, polystyrene, polycarbonate. Plastic waste in construction can come from packaging, insulation and other materials. Plastic waste not generated in the construction industry is also recoverable. The best way is to recycle plastic waste into materials that can be used for building materials, fillings, structures, etc. They can also be used in the production of lightweight concrete.
Insulation, Roofs, Facades1.9.2024 | Bc. Karol Plaštiak, Cech strechárov SlovenskoIn the architecture of the 20
th century, as well as in contemporary modern architecture, we can observe the high popularity of flat roof constructions in massive constructions of masonry and monolithic structures. It is therefore logical that there are many practical rules for this type of flat roof construction. There are not so many technical rules and recommendations for flat roof structures made of wood and in wooden buildings in Czech and Slovak countries due to the loss of traditions for this material and details during the socialist period. Therefore, the need for low prices has in the recent past enabled the realisation of flat roof projects made of wood and in wooden buildings, which, due to both incorrect planning and errors in implementation, have led to damage to the structures. In response to these problems on the market, the Slovak Roofers Association had a technical committee created. The task of the commission is to compile a complement to the CSS rules for the construction of flat roofs made of wood and in wooden buildings. The inspiration is the currently valid STN standards, supplemented by good examples of constructions and details of compositions from the D-A-CH countries, which have a long tradition with wood as a material in constructions.
Windows, Doors16.9.2024 | Ing. Zuzana Rácová, Ph.D., Ing. Aneta Libecajtová, Ph.D.The article focused on the issue of installing door panels in interior vertical load-bearing and partition structures. The paper presents selected types of door panels primarily used in apartments and family houses, describes the principles of their installation, and their depiction in drawing documentation in accordance with the ČSN 01 3420 standard for drawing construction parts. It is necessary to correctly and clearly apply the rules of the standard to the depiction of currently used door panels.
Windows, Doors8.4.2024 | Ing. Zuzana Rácová, Ph.D., Ing. Aneta Libecajtová, Ph.D.The article is focused on the issue of installing windows in external walls and their drawing in accordance with the standard ČSN 01 3420 Construction drawings - Presentation of general arrangement drawings. The paper highlights the obsolescence of previous solutions in light of current requirements for the energy efficiency of buildings and technological advancements in construction. Specifically, it is focused on the principles of installing opening fillings, including thermal and technical requirements, and technological aspects. It is shown that incorporating new technological processes and energy efficiency requirements necessitates reflecting these changes in the project documentation as well. Furthermore, the article addresses the depiction of current solutions in construction practice in accordance with the ČSN 01 3420 standard at scales of 1:50 and 1:20.
Windows, Doors20.3.2023 | Ing. Lucie Kudrnáčová, Ph.D, ČVUT v Praze, Kloknerův ústav, Oddělení stavebních materiálůThe paper deals with the comparison of the thermal properties of jamb for different types of windows. In the case of reconstruction, it is often necessary to preserve the original double- windows or to use modern materials due to the thermal solution of the building. Modern constructions mean the use of double or single windows with thermal-insulating glazing. These changes in the construction of the window have an effect on the thermal processes on the structure. One of the important parameters for the assessment of the building structure is the assessment of the internal surface temperature of the building structure. This article shows the difference in finishes and heat flows to remove different types of windows. The reference window for comparison is the original double history window. The results were found in a model environment in 2D software.
Windows, Doors27.2.2023 | Ing. Michaela Zdražilová, Ing. Zdeněk Sokol, Ph.D., prof. Ing. Martina Eliášová, CSc.Contemporary architecture often works with glass facades, roofs or even glass columns and beams. The problematic part of a glass structure design is usually a connection between the glass elements and the rest of structure. In order to achieve as much transparency as possible, various mechanical point fixing systems, adhesive connections and their combinations were developed. Although being widely used, the design procedure is mostly based on experiments. There is ongoing research at the Czech Technical University in Prague focusing on characteristics of an embedded laminated connection under various types of loads. Within the initial phase of experiments, small scale specimens consisting of different glass and foil types were tested. The experiments revealed the tensile, eccentric shear and compressive short-term load-bearing capacity of the connection and a dominant mode of failure. Data obtained from the tests are going to be used for further numerical simulations and a parametrical study.
Low Energy Buildings6.2.2023 | Ing. Kateřina Klepačová, Ing. Magdaléna Novotná, Ph.D., Ing. Martin Volf, Ph.D., Ing. Jakub Diviš, Ph.D., Ing. Jan Růžička, Ph.D. Low Energy Buildings30.4.2021 | Ing. Zuzana Mrňová, VUT FAST Brno, Ústav stavební ekonomiky a řízeníA responsible approach to the environment is not only related to corporate ecology, but is also increasingly reflected in the design and construction of buildings, which is closely related to the concept of sustainable construction of buildings. With the development of sustainable construction, the need arose to evaluate buildings and their impact on the environment. For this reason, environmental certifications of buildings have been developed, which assess how a building affects its surroundings during its life cycle.
The aim of this article is to find out which environmental certifications exist in the world and which of them are most often used in the Czech Republic. Finally, the certifications are compared and their main differences are described.
Low Energy Buildings8.2.2021 | prof. Ing. Jan Tywoniak, CSc., ČVUT Praha, pracoviště UCEEB | Dřevo&Stavby Profispeciál 2020 Wooden Buildings8.7.2024 | doc. Ing. Petr Kuklík, CSc., Ing. arch. Bc. Anna GregorováWood buildings, i.e. buildings in which wood and wood-based products are the dominant material used, are currently the subject of growing interest among developers and the professional public. This is mainly due to the fact that they offer an alternative way of constructing safe buildings with great environmental benefits. The prerequisites for their greater implementation are then created by new versions of European standards. In this paper some new procedures for their design according to the 2nd generation of Eurocode 5 are presented.
Wooden Buildings18.12.2023 | Ing. Martin Hataj, Ph.D., Ing. Jan Pošta, Ph.D., Ing. Pavla NovotnáWithin the framework of the project "Prefabricated recyclable timber-based frame building system", a new building system is being developed, the main load-bearing elements of which are rigid frames made of timber-based material. The principal investigator of the project is ecokit s.r.o. and the co-principal investigator is UCEEB CTU. This paper presents the development of the load-bearing structure of the frame system.
Wooden Buildings2.10.2023 | Ing. Petr Ptáček, Ph.D., ČVUT v Praze, pracoviště UCEEBThe protection of wood in wooden buildings does not seem to be very important due to their location in use class 1 or 2 according to ČSN EN 335, but it is particularly suitable for timber elements that are located close to the foundation slab or are difficult to replace. It follows from the majority of recurring defects, for example plumbing failures, leaks through the roof, facade, inappropriate terrain height around the base plate or as a result of a tornado, that it is necessary to protect at least the foundation threshold according to the structure of the wooden building, preferably up to use class 4 according to ČSN EN 335, which is only possible by pressure impregnation.
Wooden Buildings10.7.2023 | prof. Ing. Antonín Lokaj, Ph.D., Ing. David Mikolášek, Ph.D., Ing. Pavel Dobeš, Ph.D., Ing. Marek Johanides, Ph.D., Ing. Petr Mynarčík, Ph.D.The paper deals with the experimental and numerical analysis of the influence of the orientation of large-area sheathing panels of load-bearing wall panels of wooden buildings. The experimental results were then compared with the numerical model in SCIA Engineer and with the analytical calculation.
Building Regeneration20.10.2024 | Ing. Jan Zima, Rekonstrukce památkových objektů-atelier statiky spol. s r.o. Building Regeneration26.8.2024 | Mgr. Kateřina Kovářová MBA, Ph.D,, Ing. Eva Matoušková, Ph.D.In our practice, we often face the question of building stone provenance on historic buildings. However, methods providing relevant answers to this question are mostly of a destructive character requiring sampling. Therefore, our research has focused on the use of reflectance spectrometry, which is a very promising and effective non-destructive method. This paper discusses the basic principles and possibilities of this method with regard to its application to historic buildings and decorative stone.
Building Regeneration8.4.2024 | Ing. Denisa Boháčová, Ph.D., prof. Ing. Pavel Kuklík, CSc.The paper presents the original condition of the castle in Nemyšl near Tábor together with the subsequent process of its rehabilitation. This requires a careful evaluation of its condition, determination of the remediation procedure along with condition monitoring to ensure safety on the construction site. To accomplish this task - the abbreviation SHM (Structural Health Monitoring) is used abroad - the available possibilities of current information technologies have been used.
Building Regeneration1.4.2024 | Ing. Denisa Boháčová, Ph.D., prof. Ing. Pavel Kuklík, CSc.The paper deals with the role of engineers in the contemporary world. In particular, it is focused on presenting the current possibilities in preserving historical monuments and their maintenance. In two case studies, point out the new possibilities offered by computer technology and connecting the involved actors through the web. It also mentions the WEC 2023 World Engineering Convention in a certain way. Due to the scale, the first, general part is presented first, which is supplemented by the concept verification while monitoring the retaining wall of St. James Church in Nepomuk. In the following separate paper, an example of the use of these technologies in the rehabilitation of the castle in Nemyšl is presented in more detail.
Building Physics21.10.2024 | Ing. et Ing. Lenka Gábrová, Ph.D., Mendelova univerzita, Lesnická a dřevařská fakulta, Ústav nauky o dřevě a dřevařských technologiíchThe Prague and Brno Building Regulations approved in 2024 no longer require compliance with daylighting requirements in dwelling rooms in buildings with a closed or semi-closed construction line. In these buildings, it should be sufficient to prove that the window area is at least one tenth of the room floor area. The paper deals with the daylighting evaluation in differently obstructed rooms whose window area is exactly 10% of the room floor area.
Building Physics12.2.2024 | doc. Ing. Jan Kaňka, Ph.D., člen TNK 76 Osvětlení, ČKAIT PrahaWhen calculating the daylighting of buildings, the properties of shading obstacles are expressed either by means of a brightness factor or by means of a light reflection factor. The article reports on the relationship between these two factors and offers the JAFAS 2024 program to calculate the brightness factor in a simple urban situation.
Building Physics29.1.2024 | Ing. Lubor Kalousek, Ph.D., Ing. Zuzana Fišarová, Ph.D., Ing. Zdeněk Vejpustek, Ph.D.The article is focused on the issue of traditional timber joist floor structures and floor compositions from the period up to the first half of the 20
th century. In building practice, we very often encounter these structures in residential buildings that are the subject of structural changes. During these interventions, the basic ideas of the original technical solution are not always respected and some physical parameters of building are degraded. The article describes the principles that were devoted to these types of structures in historical legislative and standard regulations and further in professional literature. The original historical solutions are presented on a practical example. In relation to building interventions in historic timber joist floor structures, current legislative and standard regulations are described, as well as examples of modern solutions and their limitations.
Building Physics15.1.2024 | doc. Ing. Jan Kaňka, Ph.D., Ing. Bc. Jaroslav Vychytil, Ph.D.The article deals with the description of selected graphic-numerical methods used to determine the amount of daylight. The principle of derivation of these methods is explained and the principle of working with the relevant diagrams is described. Nowadays, we rarely see the use of diagrams in practice, but some professional software uses them either directly or at least in their graphical outputs.
RECENT REVIEWED EDITORIAL RESEARCH PAPERS IN THE FIELD OF CONSTRUCTION
Shell Construction | Insulation, Roofs, Facades | Windows, Doors | Floors, Partition Walls, Surfaces | Low Energy Buildings | Wooden Buildings | Building Regeneration | Building Physics